Introduction to the basic knowledge of the hottest

Introduction to basic knowledge of glass

glass is formed by melting silica and other chemical substances together (the main production raw materials are soda ash, limestone and quartz). It is a silicate type nonmetallic material that forms a continuous complex structure during melting, and its viscosity gradually increases and hardens during cooling, resulting in its crystallization. The chemical composition of ordinary glass is Na2SiO3, CaSiO3, SiO2 or Na2O middot; CaO middot; 6sio2, etc., whose main component is silicate double salt, is an amorphous solid with irregular structure for different raw materials. It is widely used in buildings to isolate wind and light, and belongs to mixture. There are also colored glass mixed with oxides or salts of some metals to show color, and tempered glass made by physical or chemical methods. Sometimes transparent plastic is also called plexiglass

the simple classification of glass is mainly divided into flat glass and deep processed glass. Flat glass is mainly divided into three types: lead-in method flat glass (including grooved/non grooved), flat drawing method flat glass and float glass. Because float glass has uniform thickness, flat and parallel upper and lower surfaces, coupled with high labor productivity and conducive to management, float glass is becoming the mainstream of glass manufacturing

ordinary flat glass can be divided into the following types according to the thickness:

1, 3-4 cm glass, mm is also known as cm or a in daily life. The 3 cm (piece) glass we mentioned refers to the technical requirements for glass inspection with a thickness of 3mm. This kind of glass is mainly used for the surface of picture frames

2, 5--6 cm glass is mainly used for small area transparent modeling of external wall windows, door leaves, etc

3, 7-9 cm glass is mainly used in indoor screens and other large-area shapes with frame protection

4, 9-10 cm glass can be used for indoor large-area partitions, railings and other decoration projects

5, 11--12 cm glass, which can be used for floor spring glass doors and some partitions with large flow of people

6, glass above 15 cm is mainly used for large-area ground spring glass doors and the whole glass wall of the external wall

the main production processes of glass include: ① raw material pre-processing, crushing massive raw materials (soda ash, petroleum coke, limestone, feldspar, etc.), drying wet raw materials, and removing iron from ferrous raw materials to ensure the quality of glass. ② Batch preparation. ③ Melting: the glass batch is heated at high temperature (1550~1600 degrees) in the tank kiln or crucible kiln to form uniform, bubble free liquid glass that meets the molding requirements. ④ Molding, processing liquid glass into products with required shape, such as flat plates, various utensils, etc

production process:

1. Raw material feeding and end exhaust gas emission, put raw materials into the kiln, furnace observation hole, look at the flame color to distinguish the shape and size

2. Enter the tin bath for molding, and form the glass through the edge drawing machine. The cooling water package of the tin bath is used for water circulation on the liquid glass. Its expression is: the frequently used disc and cylinder radial fracturing method mass wear = the original size of the sample - the size after wear is cooled and annealed, and the temperature is adjusted by the fan. The final temperature of the annealing kiln is about 80 degrees, which can be touched by hands

3. After cooling and forming, enter the cutting link, and cut with a cross knife according to the required specifications. Then the edge drawing machine is used to remove the edge, and the manipulator is used for packing